WiFi is the only supported means of networking with the iPhone, and your options for transferring data to/from the phone are limited.
The simplest way is to use the built in email module to send an email with an attachment. This is very quick and easy to implement.
Other options include setting up an HTTP server on the iPhone, which is rather complicated, but there's a few open source solutions out there for doing so.
PS. The email solution can be done as simply as the following example:
Code:
-(IBAction)emailSomething
{
if ( ! [MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail] )
return;
MFMailComposeViewController *mailController = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
mailController.mailComposeDelegate = self;
[mailController setSubject:@"Subject"];
[mailController addAttachmentData:routeData
mimeType:@"application/some-type"
fileName:@"filename.typ"];
[mailController setMessageBody:@"Body" isHTML:NO];
[self presentModalViewController:mailController animated:YES];
[mailController release];
}